6 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners
8 .The Indifinite Articles A &An
1 . A & an are used with countable nouns . Only
singular nouns . “A” is used with words beginning with a consonant . “An” is
used with words beginning with a vowel ( a , e , i , o , u ) .
Examples
a hotel- a dog - a manager
an apple - an egg
- an ice-cream - an orange - an umbrella
2 . Use “a” or “an” before jobs .
a teacher , a doctor , a manager , an artist , an actor ,
an engineer
He is a teacher .
He works a doctor .
Her job is an engineer .
3 . “A” is used with numbers when it means “every” .
once a week , day / twice a month / three times a year /
five times a day
He goes to the club once a week .
They visit their grandfather three times a week .
4 . No article is used with the names of games , meals ,
materials
Examples
We play football / basketball / handball / tennis etc.
They have lunch / dinner .
Milk is useful for health .
Books are made of paper .
Iron is hard .
The watch is made of gold .
Exercise
Add (a , an or nothing) to complete the following :
1 . -----------------bicycle is made of ----------steel
and ------------rubber .
2 . ---------------- shoe is made of
--------------leather .
3 . ---------------- corn grows in ----------------field
on -------------farm .
4 . --------------table is made of --------------- wood .
5 . -----------------bird flies in the air .
6 . --------------suit is made of ---------------cloth .
7 . ---------------ship sails on the sea .
8 . She live in ------------------ nice big house .
9 . My father is -------------------engineer .
10 . Nicono is ----------------Japanese name .
11 . What’s that ? It’s ----------------- camera .
12 . Miss Salma is ----------------very good teacher .
13 . I waited for --------------hour .
14 . His salary is 3000 pounds --------------monthe .
15 . We see ----------------lion in -------------zoo .
The Definite Article “The”
“The” is used before :
1 . a noun that is the only of its kind .
Examples
the Alps , the Sahara Deserts , the Golden Gate Bridge
2 . A noun that has just been referred to .
Example
She has got two children : a girl and a boy . The boy is
fourteen and the girl is eight .
3 . Names of rivers , seas , oceans etc.
Examples
the Thames , the Red Sea , the Mediterranean sea , the Pacific , the
Bahamas
4 . The names of musical instruments .
the guitar , the violin , the drum , the piano
Example
Can you play the guitar ?
She plays the piano skillfully .
5 . Name of some countries such as ;
The United Arab Emirates , the USA , the Yemen , the
Sudan , the United Kingdom
No article is used with :
1 . subjects
Examples
I don’t like history .
My favorite subject is Science .
2 . such words ; school , home , bed , work etc.
I am going home now .
I always go to bed early .
I go to school every day .
We don’t use (the) with these expressions :
by car - by bus - by train - by plane - on foot
Exercise 1
Add (the) in the blank spaces if is needed :
1 .
As she was walking in ---------------street she looked at ------------clothes
in ----------store windows .
2 .
They were sailing along --------------river watching -----------clouds in
------------sky .
3 . She
ran into -----------------house and shut ---------------- door .
4 .
---------------Russia is the largest country in Europe .
5 .
-----------------United States of America is one of the richest countries in
the world .
6 .
People in --------------Mexico speak --------------------Spanish .
7. He
visits --------------Africa twice a year .
8 .
He was educated in ----------------Cairo University .
9 .
They live in -----------------21 , Higgaz Street , Heliopolis .
10 .
--------------Suez Canal is in -------------Middle East .
11 .
Who’s --------------------girl in ----------------car over there with Tom ?
12 . The
visitors are staying in --------------Grand Hotel .
13 . ---------------English
Channel lies between ----------------England and -------------France .
14 .
Today ---------------sun is very hot .
15 .
-----------------moon goes round --------------------earth and it goes round
-----------sun .
16 .
-------------------summer is the ottrest season of the year .
17 .
-----------------house where we live is surrounded by a large garden .
18 .
When I returned there was nobody at -----------------home .
Exercise 2
Add
(a , an , the or nothing) to complete the following :
1 . I
met -----------------English boy the other day . He comes from
-------------United Kingdom .
2 .
What’s ---------------------name of your friend’s father ?
3 .
----------------empty bag is worth nothing .
4 .
Can you remember -------------------beginning of ----------------interesting
story he told us last night ?
5 .
He arrived --------------------hour ago from ---------------United States of
America .
6.
What is -----------------matter with you ?
7.She
bought ------------------largest car in town .
8 .
He is -----------------inch taller than I am .
9 .
He was ----------------------year old and could not climb ----------------Alps
.
10 .
She is -----------------very clever student .
11 .
We make -----------------butter and -------------------cheese from
-------------milk .
12 .
There is -----------------garden behind ---------------house .
13 .
She always goes to --------------------school on ----------------foot .
14 .
I have ------------------idea . “Let’s go by bus,” I suggested .
15 . -------------------------length of the road is ten miles .
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