British & American English ,Grammar American & British [ 11 ]

11- ] Grammar American & British

British English and American English

Do you know any differences between British and American English?

Look at these sentences. Do you know which sentences are more typical of British English or American English?

Shall I open the door for you?

He's taking a shower.

France have won the World Cup.

I'm not hungry. I just ate.

The main difference between British English and American English is in pronunciation. Some words are also different in each variety of English, and there are also a few differences in the way they use grammar. Here are five of the most common grammatical differences between British and American English.

1. Present perfect and past simple

In British English, people use the present perfect to speak about a past action that they consider relevant to the present.

 The present perfect can be used in the same way in American English, but people often use the past simple when they consider the action finished. This is especially common with the adverbs already, just and yet.

British English                                                            American English

He isn't hungry. He has already had lunch.             He isn't hungry. He already had lunch.

- Have you done your homework yet?                    - Did you do your homework yet?

- Yes, I've just finished it.                                         - Yes, I just finished it.

2. got and gotten

In British English, the past participle of the verb get is got.

In American English, people say gotten.

** Note that have got is commonly used in both British and American English to speak about possession or necessity. have gotten is not correct here.

British English                                                      American English        

You could have got hurt!                                     You could have gotten hurt!

He's got very thin.                                                 He's gotten very thin.

She has got serious about her career.                 She has gotten serious about her career.

BUT:                                                                        BUT:

Have you got any money?                                     Have you got any money? (NOT Have you gotten ...)

We've got to go now.                                             We've got to go now. (NOT We've gotten to ...)

 3. Verb forms with collective nouns

In British English, a singular or plural verb can be used with a noun that refers to a group of people or things (a collective noun). We use a plural verb when we think of the group as individuals or a singular verb when we think of the group as a single unit.

In American English, a singular verb is used with collective nouns.

** Note that police is always followed by a plural verb.

British English                                                                       American English                   

My family is/are visiting from Pakistan.                          My family is visiting from Pakistan.

My team is/are winning the match.                                   My team is winning the match.

The crew is/are on the way to the airport.                       The crew is on the way to the airport.

BUT:                                                                                     BUT:

The police are investigating the crime.                             The police are investigating the crime

4. have and take

In British English, the verbs have and take are commonly used with nouns like bath, shower, wash to speak about washing and with nouns like break, holiday, rest to speak about resting.

In American English, only the verb take (and not the verb have) is used this way.

British English                                                                          American English

I'm going to have/take a shower.                                           I'm going to take a shower.

Let's have/take a break.                                                          Let's take a break.

5. shall

In British English, people often use Shall I ...? to offer to do something and/or Shall we ...? to make a suggestion.

It is very unusual for speakers of American English to use shall. They normally use an alternative like Should/Can I ...? or Do you want/Would you like ...? or How about ...? instead.

British English                                                                American English

It's hot in here. Shall I open the window?                  It's hot in here. Can I open the window?

Shall we meet in the café at 5?                                     Do you want to meet in the café at 5?

Shall we try that again?                                                How about we try that again?