12 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners - Past Perfect , The Simple Future Tense , "Going To" Form

12 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners

16 . Past Perfect

Positive	Negative	Question
I had played .	I had not (hadn’t) played.	Had I played?
He She had played.  It	He She had not (hadn’t)played . It	she Had     he   played ?       it
We Theyhad played . You	We They had not (hadn’t) played. You	we Had they played ?           you

1 . The past perfect is used in a sentence with two verbs in the past ; the verb that happened first is past perfect while the other is simple past .

After we had had our dinner , we went out for a walk .

The football match had come to an end before I reached the field .

The injured man had died before the ambulance arrived .

When the policemen arrived , the thieves had already escaped .

2 . The past perfect tense is often used with : after , before , when , as soon as

Exercise

Correct the verbs in brackets using past perfect or past simple :

1 . After I [ hear ] the news , I [ hurry ] to see him .

2 . Before he ate the egg , he [ boil ] it .

3 . The train [ leave ] before he could catch it .

4 . The train [ leave ] before he [ arrive ] at the station .

5 . The merchant said that he [ arrange ] for the meeting .

6 . When he [ examine ] jewels , he found that they were good .

7 . He said hat the journey [ cost ] him twenty thousand pounds .

8 . When w [ hear ] that he [ be ] in hospital , we [ go ] to se him .

9 . I asked a policeman what the time [ be ] .

10 . When thunder roared , rain [ fall ] heavily .

11 . Jane [ study ] hard when she was a girl .

12 . She [ read ] Hamlet last month .

13 . Yesterday was so hot so we [ use ] a fan .

14 . He lived quietly on a little money he [ save ] before his retirement .

15 . His firm [ give ] him a better position last year because he [ earn ] it .

16 . Our host [ introduce ] me to Mr. Khalid whom I [ not meet ] before .

17 . Sonia [ not be ] abroad before so everything [ seem ] strange to her .

18 . We [ wake ] up late because the alarm clock [ not ring ] .

19 . He [ leave ] his office before his wife got there .

20 . After she had posted the letter , she [ go ] to the market .

21 . The teacher [ explain ] the lesson before you came to school yesterday .

22 . The police [ catch ] the robbers before they robbed the bank .

23 . The policeman asked me if I [ see ] the accident .

24 . The sick girl [ feel ] better after she [ take ] the medicine .

25 . When we [ reach ] the station , the  train [ leave ] , so we had to travel by bus .

26 . He [ buy ] a car before he [ learn ] how t drive .

27 . The naughty boy [ jump ] off the bus before it [ stop ] .

28 . The sun [ rise ] when we [ start ] our journey .

29 . Both his parents [ died ] before he [ finish ] his education .

17 . The Simple Future Tense

Positive	Negative	Question
will + inf. [ ‘ll ] We will play . I will travel . She will come .	will not [ won’t ] We will not play. I will not [ won’t ] travel . She will not [ won’t ] come.	I               you               we    play Will       they come ?               he    travel               she   go              it

1. In modern English “will” is often used with all persons not “shall” and “will” .

2 . We use the future simple to :

A- ] express actions in the future .

The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow .

B- ] express the speaker’s opinion about the future .

Do you think he will come back tomorrow ?

C - ] make a prediction about what will happen in the distant future .

He will be famous one day . It will rain tomorrow .

D- ] To make a promise.

I’ll help you wash the car .

E- ] when we make a sudden decision to do something .

I’ll call my friend .

I’ll travel next week .

 The “Going to” Form

Positive	Negative	Question
I am going to play	I am (‘m) not going to play.	Am I play?
He She is going to play . It	He She is not (isn’t) going to play . It	she Is  he   going to play?       it
We They are going to play. You	We They are not (aren’t) going to go You	we Are they going to play ?         you

1. “Going to” is used to express intentions or something about to happen .

I am going to meet my friend at the station .

It is going to rain . It is cloudy .

She is going to change car .

Be careful ! You’re going to have an accident .

Exercise 1

Write the correct form of [ going to ] to complete the following :

1 . When ------------you --------------[ finish ] the report ?

2 . They --------------not -----------------[ be ] back next week .

3 . What ---------------you ----------[ buy ] for your mother on her birthday ?

4 . I ------------not ----------------[ tell ] him anything .

5 . ------------------you -------------------[ play ] basketball on Sunday ?

6 . He ---------------------[ spend ] a few weeks in Italy .

7 . She ----------------[ buy ] a new washing machine next week .

8 . Where ----------------you -----------------[ stay ] during your visit to Luxor ?

9 . When ------------------you ---------------[ hand ] in your copybook ?

10 . Why ----------------you -----------------[ move [ to a new flat ?

11 . We ------------------[ have ] a party next week .

12 . Who’s ------------------[ do ] the washing up tonight ?

13 . How many people -------------you -------------[ invite ] to the party ?

Exercise 2

Complete with will or (be) going to :

1 . I --------------------------- go to a rock concert next week .

2 . He ---------------------be rich and famous in ten years .

3 . They --------------------buy the tickets for the football match next week .

4 . The Earth -----------------look very different in 30 years .

5 . Helen -----------------have a birthday party next week .

6 . In 20 years , robots ----------------do everything for us .

7 . I ----------------------meet John next week .

8 . We ----------------------all have electric cars in 20 years .