Vocabulary Tests [ 113 ] Test One Hundred And Thirteen

113 - ] Vocabulary Tests

 

113 - ] Test One Hundred Thirteen .

1 - ] Pronouns

Correct the following sentences , giving reasons for your corrections .

1 . One should mind his own business .

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2 . The most of the people are fond of the cinema .

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3 . This is the boy which is always late .

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4 . I speak English better than him .

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5 . She told her mother all what had been said .

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6 . This cake is for you and myself .

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7 . I want to give me your book , please .

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8 . Is a very good girl .

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9 . It is them .

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10 . I and Ahmad are friends .

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2 - ] Verbs

1 - ] Sequence of Tenses .

1 - ] Put the verbs in brackets into the tenses required .

1 . I thought that he ( can ) run much faster .

2 . The boy said that he ) begin ) his work tomorrow .

3 . She says she ( understand ) French very well .

4 . The teacher said , ‘London ( be ) the largest city in the world .

5 . The teacher said that London ( be ) the capital of England .

6 . I was sure that he ( will ) succeed .

7 . I asked her if she ( want ) anything .

 8 . They say that he ( will ) pass the exam .

9 . She told me that she ( feel ) very tired .

10. The boy worked hard so that he ( may ) not fail in the exam .

2 -] Complete the following , using a verb in the required tense .

1 . Nadia told me that she --------------------------- .

2 . I asked him whether he --------------------------------------.

3 . Nasser said that he ----------------------------- .

4 . Our teacher taught us that ------------------------------- .

5 . Sarah gave me a promise that she ---------------------- .

6. The boys said that ------------------------- .

7 . I knew that she ----------------------------------- .

8 . I asked him to wait until ------------------------- .

9 . I thought that she ------------------------------------ .

10 . He didn’t come when --------------------------- .

2 - ] Use of the Wrong Tense .

1 - ] Supply the correct tense , Simple Present or Present Continuous  , in the following .

1 . I ( to go ) to school every day .

2 . He ( to go ) to the school now .

3 . Look ! They ( to come ) towards us .

4 . Now I ( to hear ) her clearly .

5 . Every morning I ( to take ) a walk by the river .

6 . The sun ( to rise ) in the east and ( to set ) in the west .

7 . The teacher ( to watch ) me when I ( to write ) .

8 . We ( to go ) to the cinema this evening .

9 . I ( to read ) English now .

10 . People ( to use ) umbrellas when it ( to rain ) .  

2 - ] Supply the correct tense , Simple Past Tense or Past Continuous in the following .

1 . When I ( come ) in ,it ( rain ) .

2 . Many years ago people ( travel ) on horseback .

3. I ( meet ) him as I ( go ) home .

4 . He ( go ) to another school last year .

5 . My father ( play ) football in his youth .

6 . We ( eat ) our dinner when he ( come ) to visit us .

7 . In the past he ( smoke ) a great deal .

8 . They ( shout ) when the teacher ( enter ) the room .

9 . Last year he ( study ) very hard .

10 . While he ( play ) football he ( lose ) his watch .

Vocabulary Tests [ 112 ] Test One Hundred And Twelve

112 - ] Vocabulary Tests

112 - ] Test One Hundred And Twelve .

1 - ] The Articles

1 - ] Fill in the blanks with “a” or “an” where necessary .

1 . Swimming is -----------------great fun .

2 . The plane made ----------------terrible noise .

3 . What sort of -----------------man is he ?

4 . My aunt made ----------------------fortune in America .

5 . He saved up more than ---------------thousand pounds .

6 . The train left half --------------------hour ago .

7 . She’s made ------------------------great progress in English .

8 . She’s -----------------clever girl .

9 . He tried without success to find ---------------work .

10 . Vitamins are necessary for -----------------good health .

2 - ] Fill in the blanks with ‘the’ w here necessary .

1 . My little brother will go to -------------------school next year .

2 . My father left -------------school many years ago .

3 . --------------------red , --------------blue , and -------------green are beautiful colors .

4 . -----------------cotton of Egypt is exported to many countries .

5 . ------------------Nile flows into -------------------Mediterranean .

6 . What time is -----------------lunch ?

7 . She can speak---------------------French .

8 . She speaks -----------------German better than -----------------English .

9 . ----------------flies are harmful insects .

10 . The boy was sent to -----------------post office to post a letter .

2 - ] Relative Pronouns .

Put relative pronouns in each of the following .

1 . That’s the boy -----------------came yesterday .

2 . The man to --------------IO spoke is my brother .

3 . The girl ----------------mother is ill has left school .

4 . This is the pen --------------------I bought .

5 . I can’t repeat all -----------------I heard .

6 . He’s a boy -----------------I know you can trust .

7 . She’s the girl --------------------we thought had been ill .

8 . He’s the tallest man ------------------I have ever seen .

9 . She’s the same -----------------------she’s always been .

10 . I like to help those ---------------I love and --------------I know love me .

3- ] Interrogative Pronouns

Put interrogative pronouns in each of the following .

1 . --------------------do you find easier to learn , English or French ?

2 . -------------------were you talking about ? ( the cinema )

3 . ---------------------is this book ? ( my uncle’s )

4. ------------------of the two players do you like better ?

5 . ------------------do you think I wanted ? ( your brother )

6 . ------------------ of the three boys spoke ?

7 . ----------------------did you say won the prize ?

8 . ----------------------is he , do you suppose ? ( the lawyer )

9 . -------------------of your brothers works in the bank ?

10 . ---------------------is the number of your house ?

4 - ] Repetition of Subject or Object

Rewrite the following sentences , leaving out unnecessary pronouns and making other necessary changes .

1 . The prizes they were given to the boys .

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2 . The girl she said nothing .

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3 . The teacher gave us an exercise to do it .

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4 . He went home and he got his book .

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5 . The book which it is on the table is mine .

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6 . Students who are good at their lessons they get good marks .

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7 . She gave us a football to play with it .

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8 . The people , having seen the game , they wet away .

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9 . The headmaster I have seen him just now .

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10 . The scorpion it has a sting in the tail .

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Vocabulary Tests [ 111 ] Test One Hundred And Eleven

111- ] Vocabulary Tests 

111- ]Test One Hundred And Eleven .

1 -] Adjectives Often Confused .

1 - ] Use many  or Much in these sentences .

1 .He hasn’t --------------------- money

2 . Have they ------------------------- books ?

 3 . There isn’t ---------------food in the house .

4 . Does she take ------------------interest in it ?

5 . I haven’t ---------------time .

6 . Are there ---------------------pupils absent today ?

7 . How -------------------does this book cost ?

8 . -----------------rain has fallen on the mountains .

9. He doesn’t know -----------------Arabic .

10 . Too -----------------------people went to the concert .

2 - ] Use few or a few , little or a little in these sentences .

1 . As he has -------------------books , he isn’t able to study .

2 . Will you have -----------------tea ?

3 . He’s very ill , there’s ----------------hope for him .

4 . There are --------------------apples in the bowl , help yourself to some .

5. ----------------people study Latin nowadays .

6. He can’t afford it as he only has --------------money left .

7. As she didn’t speak clearly ,-----------------people understood what she said .

8 . --------------------people will admit their faults .

9. We must save -------------money for our journey home .

10 . I have --------------friends in Cairo who will help me .

3 - ] Use some or any in these sentences .

1 . I’ve got --------------new CDs at home .

2 . There aren’t ------------------flowers in the garden .

3 . Have you ----------------------brothers in this school ?

4 . Did you buy ----------------- stamps at the post office ?

5 . Have I got -----------------------------e-mails this morning ?

4 - ] Use his or her in these sentences .

1 . The father told ------------ daughter to come back .

2 . She gave the money to ----------------uncle’s neighbor .

3 . He sent a letter to ---------------------niece .

4 . The woman lost -------------------son .

5 . The grandfather gave a nice gift to ---------------------daughter’s eldest son .

5 - ] Use interesting or interested in these sentences .

1 . I’m -------------------in English .

2 . Was the film ----------------last night .

3 . The book is --------------- from beginning to end .

4 . She’s a most -------------------lady .

5 . Are you --------------------- in computers ?

6 -] Fill in the blanks with one of the adjectives in brackets .

1 . He sat down and said nothing ------------------

( farther , further )

2 . Is that the -------------------edition of The Times ?

(  last , latest )

3 . Wash your hands if they’re not --------------------.

( clean , clear )

4 . A prize was given to -----------------on of the two best pupils .

( each , every )

5 . She knows -----------------words than her brother .

( less , fewer )

6. Several people were --------------------- when the train ran off the track .

( wounded , injured )

7. Huda is ----------------than her cousin .

( higher , taller )

8 . Nader is three years old , he’s too ----------------to go to school .

( small , young )

9 . Ali is my -----------------------brother .

( older , elder )

10 . My sister Noura is --------------------than I am .

( older , elder ) 

Vocabulary Tests [ 110 ] Test One Hundred And Ten

110 - ] Vocabulary Tests

 

110 - ] Test One Hundred And Ten

1 - ] Nouns Often Confused

1 - ] Use house or home in these sentences .

1 . I live in a ------------------------

2 . My ---------------------is in Egypt .

3 . Many ------------------------are being built this year .

4 . East or West ---------------------is best .

5 . The --------------------was sold for $ 600,000 .

2 - ] Use habit or custom in these sentence .

1 . You should get into the --------------------of brushing your teeth after meals .

2 . It’s the --------------------of many people to pray for rain .

3 . He has a ------------------------------of biting his nails .

4 . Smoking isn’t a good ------------------- .

5 . The --------------------of showing hospitality to stramgers is ancient .

3 - ] Fill in the blanks with one of the nouns in brackets .

1 . The ancient -------------------of Egypt is an interesting subject .

( story , history )

2 . His ---------------was swollen and he couldn’t get his shoe on .

( foot , leg )

3 . The strong -----------------------spoilt the game .

( wind , air )

4 . Mr. Sadiq is my lawyer and I’ve been his ------------------for many years .

( customer , client )

 5 . We’ve been given a long -----------------to learn by heart .

( poem , poetry )

6 . She can play the violin and other ----------------------- .

( organs , instruments )

7. The ------------------of Switzerland is very beautiful .

( scene , scenery )

8 . There wasn’t much ---------------------anywhere .

( shade , shadow )

9 . The ship was sunk in the ---------------------of the Atlantic .

( middle , center )

10. The students will do a -------------------at the end of the year .

( theater , play )

2 - ] Adjectives

Comparative or Superlative

1 - ] Rewrite the following with the correct adjectives in brackets .

1 . He’s the ( strong ) boy in the whole school .

2 . Of the two sisters , Sarah is the ( beautiful ) .

3 . Alia is the ( young ) of four sisters .

4 . Gamal is the ( old ) of all my friends .

5 . This is the ( good ) novel I’ ever read .

6 . Which do you think is ( good ) tea or coffee ?

7. Iron is the ( useful ) of all metals .

8. The Nile is the ( long ) river in Africa .

9 . Which of the two girls is ( tall ) ?

10. Ahmad is ( bad ) than his brother .

2 - ] Correct the following , giving reasons for your corrections .

1 . Alexandria is smaller from Cairo .

2 . New York is the larger city in the United States .

3 . He’s the better student from all .

4 . Adel is more stronger than his brother .

5 . My handwriting is more bad than my sister’s .

6. Which is the heaviest you or I ?

7. Which of these three girls is the elder ?

8 . This boy’s manners are more good than his brother’s .

9. Which of the girls is the taller in the class ?

10 . Mount Everest is the higher mountain of the world .

Composition & Essay Writing [ 93 ] , Mental Health , Career Goals

 93 - ] Composition & Essay Writing

Mental Health

                 Mental health refers to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being. It is all about how people think, feel, and behave. People sometimes use the term “mental health” to mean the absence of a mental disorder. Mental health can affect daily living, relationships, and physical health. Factors in people’s lives, interpersonal connections, and physical factors can all contribute to mental health disruptions. Looking after mental health can preserve a person’s ability to enjoy life. Doing this involves reaching a balance between life activities, responsibilities, and efforts to achieve psychological resilience. Conditions such as stress, depression,
and anxiety can all affect mental health and disrupt a person’s routine. Although the term mental health is in common use, many conditions that doctors recognize as psychological disorders have physical roots.

                  Every year world mental health day is observed on October 10. It was started as an annual activity by the world federation for mental health by deputy secretary-general of UNO at that time. Mental health resources differ significantly from one country to another. While the developed countries in the western world provide mental health programs for all age groups. Also, there are third world countries they struggle to find the basic needs of the families. Thus, it becomes prudent that we are asked to focus on mental health importance for one day.

                      In the formidable years, this had no specific theme planned. The main aim was to promote and advocate the public on important issues. Also, in the first three years, one of the central activities done to help the day become special was the 2-hour telecast by the US information agency satellite system.

                           Mental health is not just a concept that refers to an individual’s psychological and emotional well- being. Rather it’s a state of psychological and emotional well-being where an individual is able to use their cognitive and emotional capabilities, meet the ordinary demand and functions in the society. According to WHO, there is no single ‘official’ definition of mental health. Thus, there are many factors like cultural differences, competing professional theories, and subjective assessments that affect how mental health is defined. Also, there are many experts that agree that mental illness and mental health are not antonyms. So, in other words, when the recognized mental disorder is absent, it is not necessarily a sign of mental health.

                     One way to think about mental health is to look at how effectively and successfully does a person acts. So, there are factors such as feeling competent, capable, able to handle the normal stress levels, maintaining satisfying relationships and also leading an independent life. Also, this includes recovering from difficult situations and being able to bounce back. 

                         Mental health is related to the personality as a whole of that person. Thus, the most important function of school and education is to safeguard the mental health of boys and girls. Physical fitness is not the only measure of good health alone. Rather it’s just a means of promoting mental as well as moral health of the child. The two main factors that affect the most are feeling of inferiority and insecurity. Thus, it affects the child the most. So, they lose self-initiative and confidence. This should be avoided and children should be constantly encouraged to believe in themselves.

Career Goals

                             One of the frequent questions asked by the HR in an interview is ‘What are your career goals?’ So, people that are looking for jobs come across questions like, what are your short term goals? Or what will be your long term goals? So, when a person is asked about his/her career goals than the hiring manager is mainly trying to figure out if the goals are aligned with what the person is going to be doing in the company. The career goals essay will try to answer the questions and provide more clarity on the topic.

There are many people that have a clear vision for their career during the early stages of life. Also, the questions given above are not just the FAQs one looks at for job interviews. So, the answer to the questions gives a complete picture of a person’s vision. Thus, we need to understand the right meaning of the career goal, their importance in a person’s life. Additionally, we need to understand how one can really set their career goals.

                               Basically, setting up targets in academics as well as professional for a given time frame is called a career goal. So, suppose an 18-year-old boy, has just his 12th class exam. Thus, he has decided to enter into a 4 year BTech program. Also, after the degree, he has to work for a big MNC for 2 years. Additionally, after the work experience, he will try to get into a management course from one of the reputed B-school. So, afterward, the boy is aiming to become the CEO of XYZ company. This example can be stated as a career goal example for the 18-year-old boy.

                       A career goal is a target and target gives a person a compelling reason to achieve it. Similarly, if the career goal for a student is set already, he/she can get a proper direction in their life. Additionally, the person will strive hard to accomplish the task and thereby reach the target. However, it is not easy to achieve the long term career goals. Thus, in this case, it is better to breakdown the tasks into small and achievable tasks. Thus, one can have frequent opportunities to accomplish the goals and feel motivated about taking other goals.

                            When the students set goals, they have a very clear vision and thus they think ahead. Thus, whatever they do in their day to day life, they will relate it with their main goals. Also, they will be monitoring their progress. As time passes they face different challenges and this is what will make their life interesting. So, on the other hand, when a person does not set goals, they tend to be surprised as the times passes. Also, they will find that their time is all together is similar. After working for another 5-6 years for the same company they find that they are doing nothing different. Thus, they tend to believe that live a boring and dull life.

Composition & Essay Writing ( 92 ) Soil Pollution , Save Water Save Life

92 - ] Composition & Essay Writing 

Soil Pollution

                          Soil is a thin layer made up of organic as well as inorganic materials. These materials cover the rocky surfaces of Earth. Also, the organic portion, which is derived from the decayed remains of animals and plants. While the inorganic portion is made up of rock fragments. This portion was formed over a thousand years of chemical and physical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are useful for agriculture in order to supply the world with the required food. So, the essay on soil pollution is guided to factors causing soil pollution and the adverse effects of soil pollution.

                           Soil pollution can be defined as persistent of chemicals, salts, toxic compounds, radioactive materials that have adverse effects on animal health and plant growth. There are many ways through which soils can get polluted. These are: 1 - ] Discharge of industrial waste into the Earth surfaces. Seepage through a landfill. 2 - ] Underground storage tanks getting ruptured. Formation of contaminated water into the soil. 3 - ] Solid waste seepage. Chemicals like heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, and pesticides.

                       A soil pollutant is a factor that is used for deterioration of soil due to texture, mineral, or quality content of soil being reduced. Also, this disturbs the biological balance of the organisms dependent on the soil. Additionally, there are adverse effects of soil pollution on the growth of plants. Usually, soil pollution is caused due to the presence of man-made applications like percolation of contaminated surface water, pesticides, fuel dumping, oil dumping, etc. There are other activities like leaching of wastes from landfills, direct discharge of industrial wastes into the soil, etc. Also, the most common chemicals involved here are solvents, petroleum hydrocarbons, lead, pesticides, and various heavy metals. So, the phenomena occurring has a high correlation with the intensities and industrialization of chemical usage.

               Some of the main causes of soil pollution are:1 - ] Increasing use of fertilizers . 2- ] Indiscriminate use of insecticides, herbicides, and pesticides Dumping of solid wastes 3 - ] Deforestation.

               Some radioactive pollutants from sources such as nuclear reactors, explosions, hospitals, science labs, etc. go very deep into the soil, stay there for a long time and cause soil pollution. False agricultural practices using advanced agro--technology mean the use of enormous amounts of toxic fertilizers including herbicides, weedicides, pesticides, etc. increases soil fertility but gradually decreases soil physio-chemical and biological properties. Municipal trash heap, food processing waste, mining methods, and many more are other sources of soil pollution. Because toxic chemicals enter the body through the food chain and disturb the entire inner body system, soil pollution is very dangerous to health.

                      In order to decrease and limit soil pollution, the individuals particularly industrialists should follow all efficient control measures including environmental protection laws. People should promote the recycling and reuse of solid waste and maximum feasible tree plantation.

Save Water Save Life

                   Water is a basic necessity of life, and it may seem inconceivable to imagine living without it. Water has become a highly necessary part of human being’s existence on Earth. Thus, the importance of water can be compared to the importance of air. All living organisms whether it is human, animals, or plants cannot live without water. Everyone is completely depending on fresh and potable water. Water is perhaps the second most important substance on Earth after the air. Apart from drinking, there are other benefits of water as well. They include cooking, washing, cleaning, etc. Water is not only a vital part of the human being’s survival , but it is also important for the survival of trees and plants. Additionally, it is a precious element required for the agricultural as well as various other industrial sectors. But the stark reality is that many people around the world do. The availability of fresh water for drinking and sanitation poses an urgent and challenging problem, particularly in many developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in March 20101 that over 2.6 billion people, or about 39 per cent of the world's population, live without improved sanitation facilities; in other words, without a proper latrine. Furthermore, WHO estimated that about 1.1 billion people across the globe -- approximately 17 per cent of the world's population -- lacked access to safe and improved sources of drinking water. Seeing this, the water crisis in the future does seem inevitable. Also, it calls for an immediate action plan in order to conserve water so that precious resource can be saved for today as well for future generations.

                 The scarcity of potable water sources and the absence of adequate sanitation in many rural areas have led to a host of potentially fatal health problems such as dysentery, cholera, and other diarrhoeal diseases causing an average of 1.6 million deaths per year. Children under the age of five are especially vulnerable and account for about 90 per cent of these deaths.2 In fact, diarrhoeal diseases kill more children than HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis combined.3 Other problems from unsafe drinking water, such as trachoma-related blindness and intestinal parasitic worms, are rife in developing countries, totalling several hundred million cases annually.

                     According to the United Nations Millennium Development Goal 7, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation should be halved by 2015-  in numerical terms, 88.5 per cent of the world's population should have accessible drinking water by 2015. It bodes well that we are prepared to achieve this goal with sustained effort, but it must also be acknowledged that this progress is not uniform across the globe.

                       Currently, the biggest problem related to global warming is a huge water depreciation on Earth. This is mainly caused due to misuse of water happening at various places. In the current scenario, it is important to understand the formula for the conversation of water and thereby save water. Because pure water resources are the primary sources for all our necessities. And when it becomes depreciated, it can lead to huge catastrophic conditions for human beings. Currently, there are many regions in the world that are facing extreme water scarcity due to the decrease of groundwater and scanty rainfalls. Also, in some areas, the groundwater is contaminated or it has been overused. Thus, these factors have to lead to drought situations and in these areas it has led to water scarcity. Furthermore, urbanization and industrialization have added to the problems where groundwater has been overused to fulfill the increasing demands of the population.

                     The Save Water Initiative can help and promote the conservation of water. Also, it can be spread awareness among the people about the importance of water. Additionally, the save water campaign helps people realize that the sources of fresh and pure water are very limited. So, if it is overused that there are chances that they might not be able to fulfill the increasing demands of the population. Through this campaign, we can create awareness among the people about the benefits and preserving water and using it diligently. Our dependence on water underscores the need for conserving it, not just in terms of reducing wastage, but also in terms of saving our rivers, lakes, and seas from further harm. Throughout history, water scarcity has symbolized the ebb of life for many great civilizations. Water will always be a basic necessity of man, regardless of era and creed, and our collective future depends on its sustainability today. Water, in essence, represents life. By saving water, we save lives.