Vocabulary Tests [ 42 ] Test Forty Two .

42 - ] Vocabulary Tests 

Test Forty Two

1- ] Read the sentences or short passages . Write the letter for the best answer to each question on the line provided

Horace Pippin had one of the most implausible careers in the history of twentieth-century art .

1 . Which word or words could best replace

( A ) not noticeable ( B ) difficult to believe

( C ) unwise ( D ) irritating                               1 . ------------------

The somber palette and emphasis on weapons and confrontation suggests that Horace Pippin was summarizing his response to the devastation of modern warfare rather than evoking specific memories of combat .

2 . A confrontation can best be described as --------------

( A ) moral obligation ( B ) amendment to a contract

( C ) conflict ( D ) hopeless maneuver             2 . ---------------------

Although Pippin subsequently abandoned such heavy layering , he continued to rely on scrupulously textured pigment , especially for foliage , textiles , and atmospheric effects .

3 . Which word or words could best replace scrupulously ?

( A ) conscientiously and exactly ( B ) dutifully

( C ) temporarily ( D ) physically                      3 . ----------------------                

Pippin’s representations of African life are considered to be the apogee of his achievements as a painter who was attentive to popular culture .

4 . An apogee can best be described as ---------------------

 ( A ) unrealistic expectation ( B ) crucial circumstance

( C ) high point ( D ) lifelike portrayal                4 .-----------------------          

Culling images from magazines , films , and illustrated calendars , he committed vignettes of family life and seasonal activities to wood panels from doors , tables , or furniture cases .

5 . Which word or words could best replace culling ?

( A ) selecting ( B ) discarding

( C ) building ( D ) ignoring                                   5 . -------------------

6 . A vignette can best be described as a / an ------------------

( A ) insult ( B ) alternative to painting

( C ) formal portrait ( D ) short scene or incident 6 . -----------------------

 

A humble charm suffuses these memorable scenes , alive with detail down to each lacy edge of a doily and every braid of a rag rug .

7 . Which word or words could best replace suffuses  ?

( A ) ruins ( B ) reverses

( C ) spreads through ( D ) reduces in intensity     7 . ---------------------

Museum of Modern Art’s traveling exhibition of so-called native ,or primitive , art .

8 . Which word or words could best replace primitive ?

( A ) happening regularly ( B ) suitable ( C ) simple and unsophisticated ( D ) complex and sophisticated                                                               8 . --------------------

Unfortunately , his fame was transient .

9 . Something that is transient can best be described as ----------------

( A ) extraordinary ( B ) of brief duration

( C ) intensely felt ( D ) unexpected                           9 . ------------------

In his short but extraordinary career , this self-taught painter exalted the commonplace and commemorated his unique vision of history , nature , and people .

10 . Which word or words could best replace exalted ?

 ( A ) elevated ( B ) substituted

( C ) developed gradually ( D ) concealed                  10 . ---------------

2- ] Each question below includes a word in capital letters , followed by five words or phrases . Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters. Write the letter for your answer on the line provided .

1 . ADVOCATE ( A ) annoy ( B ) empty

( C ) promote ( D ) warn                                           1 .-------------------- 

2 . INVIDIOUS ( A ) disagreeable ( B ) transparent

( C ) charming ( D ) amazing                                    2 .-------------------

3 . STAGNATE ( A ) accuse ( B ) instruct

( C ) praise ( D ) become motionless                        3 . -----------------

4 . CATACLYSM ( A ) loud noises  ( B ) catastrophe

( C ) animal sanctuary ( D ) steep cliff                    4 . -----------------

5 . INTIMIDATE ( A ) frighten ( B ) suggest ( C ) become very close with another person

( D ) deliver                                                                5 .-------------------

6 . NUTRIMENT ( A ) nourishment ( B ) rock formation

( C ) seed ( D ) improvement                                     6.-------------------

7 . NOTORIOUS ( A ) saintly ( B ) decayed

( C ) famous for unfavorable reasons ( D ) secret   7 .-------------------

8 . IMPROVISE ( A ) improve greatly ( B ) move cautiously

( C ) promise ( D ) perform without preparation   8 . ------------------

9 . HEYDAY ( A ) period of greatest success ( B ) harvest time ( C ) time of pain or disappointment ( D ) source of riches                      9 . ----------------- 

10 . EXPUNGE ( A ) soak up ( B ) erase

( C ) release ( D ) bounce                                           10 . ----------------

11 . REDILECTION ( A ) type of election ( B ) rumor

( C ) tendency ( D ) taste for adventure                    11 . ---------------

12 . WANE ( A ) decrease ( B ) trick

( C ) move without purpose ( D ) seek passionately 12 . ---------------

13 . ARABLE ( A ) likely to make mistakes ( B ) foreign

( C ) open or uncovered ( D ) fertile                       13 . -----------------

14 . PROVIDENCE ( A ) divine control ( B ) storage area for food

( C ) area of land ( D ) lengthy explanation           14 . ----------------

15 . VISAGE ( A ) home for a religious person ( B ) facial expression

( C ) invitation ( D ) official visit                              15 . ----------------

Answer Key

1 . C 2 . A 3 . D 4 . B 5 . A 6 . A 7 . C 8 . D 9 . A 10 . B 11  C 12 . A 13 .D 14 . A 15 . B

3 - ] Match the definition in Column B with the word in Column A . Write the letter for your choice on the answer line .

   Column A                   Column B

1 . edifice                 a . dead and decaying organic material    1 . -------------

2 . carnage               b . insert in text                                           2 . ------------

3 . obliterate            c . meat eater                                               3 . ------------

4 . perpetuate          d . building                                                  4 . -------------

5 . putrefaction        e . erase without a trace                             5 . -----------

6 . decimate              f . embodied in human form                     6 . ------------

7 . depredate            g . cause to continue                                   7 . -----------

8 . carnivore             h . corpses                                                    8 . -----------

9 . interpolate           i . ransack or rob                                        9 . ------------

10 . incarnate            j . kill or destroy large numbers               10 . -----------

Answer Key

1 . d 2. h 3 . e 4 . g 5 . a 6 . j 7 . i 8 . c 9 . b 10 . f  

Vocabulary Tests , Test Forty One [ 41 ]

41 - ] Vocabulary Tests 

Test Forty One

1- ] Read the sentences or short passages . Write the letter for the best answer to each question on the line provided

In reality , swamps can be intimidating places . They often house creatures that sting , bite , and , in extreme circumstances ,  kill . 

1 . The word intimidating means ----------------

( A ) friendly ( B ) encouraging

( C ) inspiring ( D ) frightening                                           1 . -------------------   

 Marshes were a notorious breeding ground for insects , and the Roman authorities wanted to remove this source of danger .

2 . The word notorious means ---------------

( A ) valued for their medical uses ( B ) respected ( C ) disguised or hidden ( D ) well-known for unfavorable reasons                                                       2 . ------------------

Seventeen hundred years later , this predilection to eliminate wetlands continued in the newly created United States Congress .

3 . The word predilection means ------------------- 

( A ) opposition ( B ) preference

( C ) dislike ( D ) lack of interest                                           3 . ---------------------  

Those who advocated such policy convinced Congress to give 64 million acres of federal swampland to the states on the condition that the swamps be drained .

4 . Which word could best replace advocated ?

( A ) opposed ( B ) ridiculed

( C ) supported ( D ) attacked                                                4 . -------------------- 

Now scientists have begun to reexamine the role of swamps and the obsolete policies of the past .

5 . Obsolete means ---------------

( A ) outdated , old ( B ) scientifically proven

( C ) expensive ( D ) successful                                              5 . ----------------------

Recent research shows that marches and swamps play a vital part in perpetuating a healthy ecosystem .

6 .  Which word could best replace perpetuating ?

( A ) eliminating ( B ) destroying

( C ) preserving ( D ) forgetting                                             6 . ---------------------

Read any of Mark Twain’s stories of life during the heyday of the Mississippi River and you get a feel for what the river used to be like .

7 . Heyday means ---------------

( A ) dry season ( B ) period of greatest popularity

( C ) harvest season ( D ) valley                                              7 . -------------------------

Then people started to drain the swamps and build embankments to hold back the river . This allowed farmers and developers to uncover rich , arable land and create space to build new edifices for growing cities . 

8 . Which word could best replace arable ?

( A ) farmable ( B ) unproductive

( C ) desert ( D ) useless                                                             8 .---------------------

9. Which word could best replace edifices ?

( A ) things to eat ( B ) buildings

( C ) farmlands ( D ) lakes                                                           9 . --------------------                                 

Three of these - the pitcher plant , sundew , and Venus’s-flytrap - get essential nutriments by eating insects

10 . Which word could best replace nutriments ?

( A ) nourishments ( B ) poisons

( C ) seeds ( D ) rocks                                                                    10 . --------------------

Answer Key

1 . D 2 . D 3 . B 4 . C 5 . A 6. C 7 . B 8 . A 9 . B 10 . A

 2- ] Each question below includes a word in capital letters , followed by five words or phrases . Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters. Write the letter for your answer on the line provided .

1 . URBANE (A ) crowded   ( B ) proud

( C ) refined ( D ) talkative                                        1 . ------------------

2 . ABATE (A ) lessen ( B ) argue

( C ) desire ( D ) tempt                                               2 . -----------------

3 . FETTER (A ) humiliate ( B ) restrain

( C ) accelerate ( D ) decide quickly                         3. ------------------

4 . PLACID (A ) attractive ( B ) soft

( C ) peaceful ( D ) unusual                                        4 . -----------------

5 . SALVAGE (A ) uncivilized ( B ) save

( C ) guard closely ( D ) frighten                                 5 . ----------------

6 . IMPOLITIC (A ) illegal ( B ) impolite

( C ) forceful ( D ) unwise                                             6 .------------------

7 . COSMOPOLITAN (A ) handsome ( B ) foreign              

( C ) worldly ( D ) crude                                                7 . ----------------------

8 . NEOPHYTE (A ) beginner ( B ) elected official

( C ) habitual thief ( D ) coward                                    8 . --------------------

9 .  PERNICIOUS (A ) suspicious ( B ) destructive

( C ) improper ( D ) amusing                                          9 . -------------------

10 . MEGALOPOLIS (A ) early form of life ( B ) harsh noises

( C ) large monuments ( D ) large populated area       10 .-----------------

11 . BULWARK (A ) wide street  ( B ) safeguard       

( C ) threat ( D ) idle conversation                                  11 .----------------

12 . PROCRASTINATE (A ) postpone ( B ) support strongly

( C ) mislead ( D ) brush aside                                        12 . ---------------

13 . DEBUT (A ) argument ( B ) denial

( C ) explanation ( D ) first appearance                          13 . ----------------

14 . IMPEDE (A ) move aside ( B ) gain speed

( C ) hinder ( D ) trick                                                       14 .-----------------        

15 . CALAMITY (A ) false claim ( B ) disaster

( C ) unit of measure ( D ) misunderstanding                 15 . -----------------

Answer  Key

1 . C 2 . A 3 . B 4 . C 5 . B 6 . D 7 . C 8 . A 9. B 10 . D 1 . B 12 . A 13 . D 14 . C 15 . B

3 - ] Match the definition in Column B with the word in Column A . Write the letter for your choice on the answer line .

   Column A                   Column B

1 . relic                      a . politician                                1 . -----------------

2 . metropolitan       b . remains from the past           2 .-----------------

3 . urbanite               c . get through effort                   3 . ---------------

4 . procure                d.  cause to occur                         4 . --------------

5. inhibit                    e . give up                                     5 . --------------

6 . disperse                 f . having to do with a city          6 . --------------

7 . relinquish              g . loaded                                     7 . --------------

8 . precipitate             h . restrain                                   8 . -------------

9 . politico                   i . scatter                                      9 . ---------------

10 . laden                    j . person who lives in a city      10 . --------------

Answer Key

1. b 2. f 3 . j 4 . c 5 . h 6 . i 7 . e 8 . d 9 . a 10 . g

General Grammar Exercises & Tests [ 10 ]

10 - ] General Grammar Exercises & Tests

( 10 )

Choose the correct word for each blank.

1 . We had a beautiful house where we [ enjoyed , entertained , amused , satisfied ]  many people.

2 . When I was in college I was happy to [ enjoy , satisfy , socialize , entertain ]  with other students.

3 . I'm going up north to Scotland to stay with a few [ company , relationships , relatives , neighbours ]  of mine.

4 . The party yesterday was awful. It was a complete [ failure , succeed , success , failed ] .

5 . I had to get up early the next morning so I [ thanked , apologized , excused , denied ]  myself and left quietly.

6 . Please accept my [ apologizes , forgiving , excuses , refusal ]  for not being at the meeting. My husband was ill.

7 . [ Instead , in person , on behalf , on account ]  of the whole staff, I would like to thank you for coming.

8 . The book has been out of [ print , public , press , publication ]  for many years.

9 . I have just read a wonderful [ plot , storyline , read , story ]  about a man who cares for his ill wife.

10 . She has little in [ common , usual , general , normal ]  with her sister. they're completely different.

11 . At school we had to learn a lot of poems by [ memory ,  heart , mind ,  head ] .

12 . There is an interesting [ news , journal , article , publication ]  about climate change in yesterday's paper.

Choose the correct word for each blank.

1 . The book isn't in [ shop , reserve , store , stock ]  at the moment, but we can have it here in a few days.

2 . I took the dress back to the store but the shop assistant [ refused , disagreed , accused , denied ]  to exchange them.

3 . Please [ give , have , do , make ]  sure that the goods are delivered next week.

4 . If you are not [ convinced , satisfied , favoured , agreed ]  with our product you can give it back within 14 days.

5 . We are [ thinking , watching , noticing , considering ]  your request and will give you an answer soon.

6 . Our shop has a wide [ group , range , series , kind ]  of products.

7 . The jeweller examined the stone and said he couldn't buy it because it was [ priceless , valuable , invaluable , worthless ] .

8 . This sweater was made [ by hand , by hands ,  by the hand , with hands ]  , that is why it's so expensive.

9 . There is a [ shortage , need , requirement , dependent ]  of natural gas at the moment.

10 . We've run [ in through , out of ,  over , off ]  sugar, so please go to the store and get some.

Complete the sentences with MUST, MUSTN'T, HAVE TO, HAS TO, DOESN'T HAVE TO or DON'T HAVE TO

I ---------------- leave early tomorrow morning or else I'll miss the flight to London.

The pupils ---------------------- hand in their homework by Friday.

John doesn't know anything about his birthday party. You ----------------- tell him anything about it.

Jack ---------------- get up early tomorrow . It's his day off.

If you're in New York you really ------------------ go and see the Guggenheim Museum.

All visitors ------------------- wear an ID card, otherwise they won't be able to enter.

We --------------------- be late for the meeting. The director doesn't like people who are not on time.

The car is making a lot of noise. I -------------------- take it to the garage next week.

I'm glad I ---------------------- write my application in English. My spelling is awful.

My dad -------------------- be at the airport by 5. The plane leaves at 6.30.

Mike -------------------- come with me. I can do the job on my own.

If you really want to get a good seat, you'll ----------------- get their early. 

Composition & Essay Writing [ 78 ] , Marriage

78 - ] Composition & Essay Writing 

118 - ]Marriage

                      I ask everyone to compare between three relations between three sides : a girlfriend , a prostitute , a wife  , on one side , and a man on the other side . The girlfriend and boyfriend relation is a plaything , especially when the two sides are teenagers . It is only an outlet for sexual desire . Soon the relation fades and come to an end . The result may be illegitimate children who are not cared for or dumped on a side of a street . It may result in AIDS .

             The second kind of relation is a relation with a prostitute . Prostitution is contemptible as a woman sells her body for money under the pressure of need in most cases or for her greed to gain easy money . When the woman gets old , she is thrown away or when she gets ill . Prostitution may result in illegitimate children , foeticide [ feticide ] , or AIDS and other illnesses .

              The third kind of relation is marriage – a wife and a husband . It is a sacred relation that societies depend on to develop . The relation between the wife and the husband is a forever relation . It is a complete fusion of two sides. After a short time , this relation results in offspring . It is a relation of love between members of one family . Historically the permanent or even mortal relation is the relation of marriage not relation of a man with a concubine or a girlfriend in our age . Families all over the world are results of marriage . The human instinct tends to the permanent relation of marriage . Other relations are only temporary to satisfy evaporating sexual desires .

                      In general, marriage can be described as a bond/commitment between a man and a woman. Also, this bond is strongly connected with love, tolerance, support, and harmony. Also, creating a family means to enter a new stage of social advancement. Marriages help in founding the new relationship between females and males. Also, this is thought to be the highest as well as the most .  Whenever we think about marriage, the first thing that comes to our mind is the long-lasting relationship. Also, for everyone, marriage is one of the most important decisions in their life. Because you are choosing to live your whole life with that 1 person. Thus, when people decide to get married, they think of having a lovely family, dedicating their life together, and raising their children together. The circle of humankind is like that only.

                        As it is seen with other experiences as well, the experience of marriage can be successful or unsuccessful. If truth to be held, there is no secret to a successful marriage. It is all about finding the person and enjoying all the differences and imperfections, thereby making your life smooth. So, a good marriage is something that is supposed to be created by two loving people. Thus, it does not happen from time to time. Researchers believe that married people are less depressed and more happy as compared to unmarried people.

                 There is no theoretical concept of marriage. Because for everyone these concepts will keep on changing. But there are some basic concepts which are common in every marriage. These concepts are children, communication, problem-solving, and influences. Here, children may be the most considerable issue. Because many think that having a child is a stressful thing. While others do not believe it. But one thing is sure that having children will change the couple’s life. Now there is someone else besides them whose responsibilities and duties are to be done by the parents.

                       Another concept in marriage is problem-solving where it is important to realize that you can live on your own every day. Thus, it is important to find solutions to some misunderstandings together. This is one of the essential parts of a marriage. Communication also plays a huge role in marriage. Thus, the couple should act friends, in fact, be, two friends. There should be no secret between the couple and no one should hide anything. So, both persons should do what they feel comfortable. It is not necessary to think that marriage is difficult and thus it makes you feel busy and unhappy all the time.

                        To sum up marriage is a sacred bond that binds humanity forever . Even in the monarchies – rule is inherited and passed from the royal family members through ages or times as in Ancient Egypt and Britain . Marriage is the unalterable sacred bond that human societies have depended on from Adam and Eve till the Doomsday to thrive and continue . Marriage is like a huge painting where you brush your movements and create your own love story. 

119 - ] Man vs. Machine

                       Human beings and machines work differently as machines are the creation of Human. Machines were created to make human life easier. A machine is only a motorized gadget consisting of different parts. When it comes to artificial intelligence vs human brain then there are some people who believe artificial intelligence is more efficient than the human brain. As time passed by humans became dependent on machines. Humans have a need to interact with each other because communication is not possible with machines. We feel comfortable in expressing, probing and getting our problems solved with humans.

                     Humans are created of flesh and blood, they have a life. Humans have emotions and feelings, they express different emotions at different times. Machines work with their mechanical brain which is programmed by humans. Humans understand the situation and respond accordingly whereas machines do not have the capability of understanding.

Humans are creative and imaginative. They can create and invent new things but machines cannot do such types of work because they use artificial intelligence. Machines are operated and guided by humans. Humans are blessed with intelligence and emotions while machines have artificial intelligence. Humans have many diverse abilities in several things such as language, pattern recognition, and creative thinking.

                     Machines and technology are replacing manpower for certain jobs and this is the big reason for unemployment and which is also a drawback of the machines. As humans are being replaced by machine hence certain jobs are disappearing. The industrial revolution has also led to unemployment, as a result, there is a loss of medium skill jobs in various sectors. Some effects of a machine on humans are competency, wars, and destruction, The radiation released from smartphones is absorbed by human bodies which can cause tumor, and also the power consumption has increased.

Increasing use of vehicles has increased air pollution that is damaging the environment. The effect of technology on our environment is severe and is responsible for drastic climate changes such as Global warming which leads to several diseases in humans. Machines are also responsible for the extinction of several birds, plant and animal species due to the changes in climate.

                  We are surrounded by different machines like televisions, refrigerators, music systems, home theatres, washing machines for many uses. With the use of these machines, our life has become much simpler. Machines are much faster than humans when it comes to processing information and performing calculations with accuracy and speed.

                     Computers have better memory can be fed with a large amount of information as compared to humans. Machines work effortlessly and more efficiently than humans. The products can be produced in larger quantities at much greater speed with the help of machines.

Easy communication is possible from anywhere in the world with cell phones. One can travel at super fast speed anywhere in the world with the help of transport facilities. Research and sharing opinions from anywhere in the world has become much easier. Moreover, machines are not influenced by feelings or emotions, unlike humans.

                   Machines have become a very important part of our lives and are helpful in many ways. Though it also has a negative impact on our lives as well. There is no competition between humans and machines because humans are the creators of the machine. Humans have created machines for various purposes and it is also important to know the purpose of developing artificial intelligence and its impact on human life. Machines are used for creation as well as destruction by the power of human intelligence.