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Suffixes can be added to the ends of words to create new words with new meanings. Besides having specific meanings , suffixes also have grammatical functions . Notice that the spelling of a root may change when a suffix is added .
Suffixes that form nouns :
suffix Meanings Original word New Word
acy state , act , quality of democrat democracy
age result , process lever leverage
al state , act commit committal
ance state , quality relevant relevance
ant, ent agent , doer reside resident
ce state , act , quality of independent independence
dom condition , state king kingdom
er , or doer , maker ,resident bake , island , act baker , islander , actor
hood state , act , quality of adult , child adulthood , childhood
ism system , practice commune communism
ment action , result astonish astonishment
ness quality , state light lightness
ship state , act , quality of partner , friend partnership , friendship
th state , act , quality of warm warmth
tion , sion action , state , result prosecute prosecution
tude quality , state sole solitude
ty state , act quality of secure security
Suffixes that form adjectives :
Suffix Meanings Original Word New Word
able capable
of read readable
al characteristic
of nation national
en made
of , like trod trodden
fold to
a certain degree five fivefold
ful full
of , having wonder wonderful
ile capable
of , like infant infantile
ish like self selfish
ive capable
, able to adapt adaptive
less lacking
, without care careless
ous full
of space spacious
some apt
to , tending to burden burdensome
ward in
the direction of home homeward
y resembling
, full of bone bony
Suffixes that form verbs :
suffix Meanings Original word New Word
ate become
, form fluoride fluoridate
en make
, cause to be length lengthen
fy , ify cause
, make verity verify
ize [ ise ] make
, cause to be modern modernize
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