2 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners - Nouns

2 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners

3- Nouns ( Singular And Plural )

1 . Most nouns form their plural by adding (s) to the singular .

Examples

1 - book  - books 2- door - doors 3 . bag - bags 4 . egg - eggs 5. school - schools

2 . Nouns ending in ( ch , o , s , sh , ss , x , z ) add( es ) to form plural .

Examples

1 . watch - watches  / research - researches

2 . potato - potatoes / mango -  mangoes / tomato - tomatoes

3 . bus - buses

4 . brush - brushes /  bush - bushes

5 . box - boxes / fox - foxes /

6. fez - fezes

7 . kiss - kisses / cross - crosses / class - classes

3 . A few nouns have special forms in the plural

man - men / woman - women / child - children / foot - feet / tooth - teeth / mouse - mice / goose - geese / deer - deer / fish - fish / sheep - sheep

4 . Nouns ending in (y) , after a consonant , change the (y) to (ies)

city - cities / lady - ladies / country - countries / story - stories

5. If the (y) is preceded by a vowel , then only (s) is added .

boy - boys / toy - toys / key - keys

6 . Nouns ending in (f) or (fe) change them to (ves)

leaf - leaves / wife - wives / knife - knives / thief - thieves /wolf - wolves

7 . With nouns ending with (f) following two vowels , just add (s)

chief - chiefs / roof - roofs / hoof - hoofs

Exercises

Exercise 1

1 .In the blank at the right , write the plural form :

1 . bag ------------ 2 . fox -------------- 3 . student --------------- 4 . match ------------- 5 . class -----

6 . tail ------------- 7 . cousin -------------- 8 . dress ------------- 9 . wish -------------- 10 . hat -------

11 . teacher -------------- 12 . map ---------- 13 . dish ------------14 . bus ------------- 15 . knife ----

16 . hero -----------17 . street ----------- 18 . copy ------------ 19 . table -------------20 . piano ------

21 . half ---------- 22 . letter -----------    23 . negro ---------- 24 . echo -------------

Exercise 2

2 . Change the underlined words to plural , change the verbs .

1 . The book is on the table .                    ------------------------------------------------

2 . The man speaks English well .            ------------------------------------------------          

3 . The boy  plays in the park .                -------------------------------------------------

4 . The child plays in the park .                 -------------------------------------------------

5 . The mouse runs into the hole .           ------------------------------------------------- 

6. The cat runs after the mouse .             --------------------------------------------------

7 . The girl goes to school on the bus .     --------------------------------------------------     

8 . The bus always arrives on time .        ---------------------------------------------------

9 . The lesson begins at eight o’clock .    ---------------------------------------------------

10 . The dish is on the table .                   ----------------------------------------------------

11 . The woman is busy .                          ----------------------------------------------------

12 . The dress is pretty .                           ----------------------------------------------------

13 . The watch runs well .                        ----------------------------------------------------

14 . The baby is in bed .                           ----------------------------------------------------

15 . A carrot is a vegetable .                    ----------------------------------------------------

16 . An onion makes good soup .             ----------------------------------------------------

17 . An egg costs a pound .                      -----------------------------------------------------

Exercise 3

3 . Change the underlined words to singular , change the verbs :

1 .  The boys are carrying their bags .    --------------------------------------------------------------     

2 . The girls are playing with their dolls .  -----------------------------------------------------------

3 . The children were sleeping in their beds .  --------------------------------------------------------

4 . Elephants are big animals .        --------------------------------------------------------------

5 . Tables are made of wood .      ------------------------------------------------------------ 

6 . Men work in factories .           ------------------------------------------------------------

7 . Women carry babies .             -----------------------------------------------------------

8 . Children love chocolate .        ------------------------------------------------------------

9 . Babies drink milk .                  ------------------------------------------------------------

10 . Horses are faster than dogs .  ----------------------------------------------------------

11 . Ships are slower than airplanes .   ---------------------------------------------------------

12 . The birds are flying over the trees .  -------------------------------------------------------

13 . The hunters have shot lions .             --------------------------------------------------------

14 . The Teachers are explaining the lessons .   ---------------------------------------------------