3 - ] Basic Grammar For Beginners
4 . Personal Pronouns ( Subject )
I , we , you , he , she , it , they
|
Singular |
Example |
Plural |
Example |
|
I |
I live in Cairo . |
we |
We live near the sea . |
|
you |
You always come late , Ali . |
you |
You , boys and girls come late . |
|
he |
He works in a hospital . |
they |
They work in hospitals . |
|
she |
She speaks English well . |
They speak English well . |
|
|
it it |
It rains in winter . |
no plural |
|
|
It is a solid chair . |
They are solid chairs . |
||
|
|
|
||
Exercise
Replace the underlined nouns with pronouns .
1 . Mr. Hassan is in his office .
---------------
2 . Ali and his sister are in the park now
. ---------------
3 . This book is new .
--------------
4 . The books on the table are old . ---------------
5 . Mary and I like to study English . --------------
6 . The maid cleans the house .
---------------
7 . The children are asleep now . --------------
8 . My mother is in the kitchen .
---------------
9 . The teacher is in front of the class
. --------------
10 . The weather is fine today .
---------------
11 . Sara has a new dress .
--------------
12 . Nasser is in Port Said .
---------------
13 . Father and I watch television . ---------------
14 . Nancy and Hana are sisters . ---------------
15 . Hany and Medhat are cousins . ---------------
16 . The ball is on the chair . --------------
17 . The mice are in the hole .
--------------
18 . My brother and I go to the same school
. ---------------
19 . Mervat and Yasmeen sit at the back seat
. --------------
2 0 . My father and I play tennis together
. --------------
21 . Children love chocolate .
--------------
22 . Women nurses help sick people . ---------------
23 . Policemen work very hard . --------------
24 . Little Tom has a bike .
--------------
25 . The girl plays the piano well . --------------
Personal Pronouns ( Object )
|
Singular |
Example |
Plural |
Example |
|
I , me |
Father likes me . |
we , us |
They thanked us for the party . |
|
you , you |
I’ll show you the pictures , Ali . |
you , you |
You , boys and girls , I’ ll show you the
pictures |
|
he , him |
I helped him . |
they , them |
I saw them at the station . |
|
she , her |
I met her yesterday . |
I met them yesterday . |
|
|
it , it |
I don’t understand it . |
I fed them all yesterday . |
Exercises
Exercise 1
Replace the underlined nouns with the correct pronoun
:
1 . I like father and mother very much . --------------
2 . He never speaks to Sally and me .
--------------
3 . I sit near William and his sister .
--------------
4 . I see Helen in the cafeteria every day
.
---------------
5 . Shakir sends a message to his aunt every
week . --------------
6 . I understand my teacher , Mr. Shawky very
well . ---------------
7 . I send many messages to my uncle . --------------
8 . He sends his sister many presents . --------------
9 . I often see these boys in the park . ---------------
10 . She always speaks to her daughter in
French . --------------
11 . He gives his son much money .
---------------
12 . I often go shopping with my parents . --------------
13 . All the boys like their teacher , Mr. Nasser
. --------------
14 . Hany sits between Hassan and Ahmad . --------------
15 . They often help Mary and I . ---------------
16 . We always visit Hala and Hisham . --------------
17 . Father gives many presents to my sister and
me . --------------
18 . That is a secret between you and I . --------------
19 . He explained the lesson to me .
--------------
20 . She gives the boys many exercises . --------------
21 . I met Dina and Dalia in the park . ---------------
22 . He invited Samy and I .
--------------
23 . I sit between Mervat and her brother
. --------------
24 . I walk to school with my friend every day
. ---------------
25 . He visits his grandmother every week
. --------------
26 . I like my teacher , Miss Shakira very
much . ---------------
27 . He helps his sister with her homework
. --------------
28 . I often read these magazines at the
weekends . --------------
29 . She always takes her son to the zoo
.
---------------
30 . He gave his daughter a new camera . ---------------
31 . I often go swimming with my friends . ---------------
32 . Harry lives next to Heart and Robert
. ---------------
33 . They usually help Mona and I . --------------
34 . We always visit Helen and Henry . ---------------
35 . She showed Tom and I her photographs as a
baby . --------------
36 . Give these books to Sarah . --------------
37 . He showed the picture to me .
--------------
38 . I asked Ahmad and Dalia to keep quiet
. --------------
39 . He wanted Heba to write her name in ink .
---------------
40 . The teacher asked Rose and Lilly to go
out . ---------------
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with :
me - him
- her -
it - them - us
- you
1 . The boys are flying kites . They are flying
------------ up the sky .
2 . It’s my birthday . My friends are giving
------------ presents .
3 . The pupils are writing new words . They are
writing ------------- in their copybooks .
4 . The little boy is eating apples . He’s eating
------------- from the tree .
5 . She is sitting beside the boy , and looking at
--------------- .
6 . The woman is taking the boy to the hospital . She
is carrying ------------- in her arms .
7 . The servant is washing the floor . She is washing
-------------with soup and water .
8 . The teacher is writing on the board . He’s
writing on------------- .
9 . The boy is shutting the windows . He is not
opening ----------------- .
10 . I am sitting in front of Ahmad . I am not
sitting behind ------------------ .
11 . The teacher is talking and we are listening to -----------------
.
12 . The tea is not hot . I don’t want
------------------- .
13 . Look at the moon . Can you see -------------- .
14 . Dina and Dalia are my sisters . I like
-------------------- .
15 . There is a bird in the tree . Can you see
------------------ .
16 . We are in the classroom . The teacher is
speaking to ----------------- .
17 . She is my sister . I like --------------- .
18 . He is my brother . I like --------------- .
19 . These shirts are too expensive . I don’t want
---------------- .
20 . I like my father and he likes ------------------
.
21 . My teachers like ----------------and I like them
, too .
22 . Thank ------------- , Adel .
23 . Give a bottle to Mathew . Give --------------- a
bottle .
24 . This is my new shirt . Do you like
---------------- ?
25 . Our teacher always helps ----------------with
our homework .
Pronouns ( Possessive
Adjectives )
|
Singular |
Example |
Plural |
Example |
|
I , my |
This is my
car. |
we , our |
Our car is new |
|
you , your |
Your school is very big
, Ali . |
you , your |
You ,
boys and girls , your school is very big . |
|
he , his |
I like his
shirt . |
they , their |
Their house has a big
garden. |
|
she , her |
She lost her
book yesterday . |
They lost
their books yesterday . |
|
|
it , its |
I like its
color . |
I like their colors . |
Exercises
Exercise 1
Fill in the
blanks with the right possessive adjectives :
1 . The boy
walked to -----------------seat .
2 . We
study ------------------ lessons every night .
3 . I put
------------- copybooks on the desk .
4 . She
likes ---------------- English teacher .
5 . We
bring ---------------copybooks with us .
6 . Mr. Sam
comes to school in --------------- car .
7 . Tom
studies in -------------- room .
8 . the dog
chases -------------- tail .
9 . The
children play with -------------- toys .
10 . We
always prepare ------------------ homework every day .
11 . The
cat eats -------------- dinner .
12 . I
often look at ------------- watch during the lesson .
13 . The
girl washes --------------- hair .
14 . Sony
helps ----------------- younger sister .
15 . Good
girls make ------------------ beds .
16 .
Motherirs look after --------------- children .
17 . The
teacher told us that we could eat ----------------------- sandwiches .
18 . What
do you think I can do with ---------------- free time ?
19 . We
wanted him to tell us about -------------------- journey to London .
20 . She
didn’t tell --------------- mother where she was going .
21 . I
asked Harry about ----------------- birthday .
22 . My
aunt and her husband live in America , ------------------ e-mails to us are
very short .
23 .
----------------- house is too small for them to live in .
24 . Mr.
Hassan doesn’t have enough money to send ---------------- son to school .
Exercise 2
Fill in the
blanks with
my - you - his - her -
their
1 . Ahmad
is flying --------------- kite .
2 . She is
eating ---------------- sandwiches .
3 . I like
--------------- cat much .
4 . Is this
----------- book , Ahmad ?
5 . She is
writing ----------------- name on the
board .
6 . She
doesn’t like --------------- new dress .
7 . I am a
boy . ------------- name is Adel .
8 . This is
Sarah’s doll . ----------------doll is big .
9 . I have
a sister . -------------- name is Azza .
10 . I have
only one brother . -----------------name is Mohammad .
11 . Miss
Mona teaches us English . ------------- son is my friend .
12 . This
is Ann’s book . It is ------------- book .
13 . Are
these ------------ pencils , Farid ?
14 . Don’t
forget to write ------------- name on the envelope , Tom .
15 . Ahmad
doesn’t like ------------ new shoes .
16 . She
doesn’t do ------------------ homework every day .
17 . The
children are flying ----------------kites in the park .
18 . Father
has ----------------hair cut once a month .
19 . Wash
--------------hands . They’re dirty .
Exercise 3
.
Finish the
sentences :
my - his - her - your
1 . Is this
Sandy’s cup ? No ,
-------------- cup is empty .
2 . Is this
Nasser’s spoon ? No ,
------------- spoon is clean .
3 . Is this
Ahmad’s glass ? No ,
-------------- glass is white .
4 . Are
these my pens ? No
, ------------- pens are red .
5 . Is this
Dina’s dress ? No ,
------------- dress is green .
6 . Is this
Dalia’s blouse ? No ,
-------------- blouse is red .
7 . Is this
my glass ? No
, -------------- glass is full .
8 . Is this
your shirt ? No
, -------------- shirt is yellow .
9 . Is this
Henry’s car ? No ,
-------------- car is new .
10 . Is
this Diana’s knife ? No
, ------------- knife is long .
11 . Is this
your sister’s doll ? No ,
------------- doll is big .
12 . Are
these my shoes ? No ,
------------- shoes are black .
13 . Is
this Ford’s pen ?
No , -------------- pen is blue .
14 . Is
this my jacket ?
No , ------------- jacket is
smaller .
15 . Are
these your socks ? No ,
-------------- socks are white ?
Possessive Pronouns
|
Singular |
Example |
Plural |
Example |
|
I , mine |
This car is mine . |
we , ours |
These seats are ours . |
|
you , yours |
This new car is yours , Ali . |
you , yours |
You , boys and girls , the big house is yours . |
|
he , his |
The blue shirt is his . |
they , theirs |
The house with a big garden is theirs . |
|
she , hers |
The lost book is hers . |
Exercise 1
Change the underlined words to possessive pronouns .
1 . This book is her book . ---------------
2 . These pencils are my pencils . --------------
3 . This office is his office . ---------------
4 . These magazines are our magazines . ---------------
5 . These photos are Mohammad’s photos . ---------------
6 . These rulers are their rulers . --------------
7 . I think that his notebook is your notebook . ---------------
8 . This newspaper is my newspaper . --------------
9 . This copybook is her copybook . ---------------
10 . That hat and coat are his hat and coat . ---------------
11 - This umbrella is my umbrella . --------------
12 . These seats are our seats .
---------------
13 . That pair of shoes is my pair of shoes
. --------------
14 . This classroom is our classroom . --------------
15 . These books on the table are Mary’s books
. ---------------
16 . That pen on the desk is my pen . ---------------
17 . This bar of chocolate is my bar of chocolate
. --------------
18 . This bedroom is my brother’s bedroom .
--------------
19 . Those toys are the children’s toys . --------------
20 . Is this pencil your own pencil ? ---------------
Exercise 2
Add ( mine , yours , his , hers , ours or theirs ) :
1 . Gamal lost his pen ; perhaps you can lend him
…………
2 . I met a friend of ………… yesterday .
3 . You can take your book and give me -…………….
4 . She wonders if you have seen a book of ………….lying
about somewhere .
5 . We have taken our share; has she taken …………..?
6. She can throw the clothes away if they are really
………………
7 . Is your school as big as ………….. ?
8 . You can’t take that money if it isn’t ……………..
9 . Everyone loves his country , I love ……….. and you
love ………….
10 . Everyone has his report . Sandy had received
…………. , Tony has received ……….. , but I haven’t received ………… yet .
Exercise 3
Choose the right pronoun from those in brackets :
1 . This is her book . It’s
--------------
[ hers - his - ours ]
2 . These are my pencils . They’re
------------ [ mine - hers
- yours ]
3 . This is his office . It’s -------------- [ yours - mine -
his ]
4 . These are our magazines . They’re
-------------- [ theirs - ours -
hers ]
5 . These are Sally’s photos . They’re
-------------- [ his - hers - mine
]
6 . These are their rulers . They’re
----------------- [ his - hers -
theirs ]
7 . I think that this is your notebook . It’s
---------- [ hers - mine - yours ]
8 . This is my newspaper . It’s --------------- [ yours - mine - his ]
9 . This is her copybook . It’s
----------------- [ ours
- his - hers ]
10 . These are his hat and coat . They’re
------------- [ hers - theirs - his ]
11 . This is my umbrella . It’s
------------ [ mine
- yours - theirs ]
12 . These are our seats . They’re
--------------- [ yours -
ours - his ]
13 . This is my pair of shoes . It’s
--------------- [ hers - mine
- yours ]
14 . This is our classroom . It’s
-------------- [ yours -
his - ours ]
15 . These are Mary’s books . They’re ------------ [ his - mine - hers ]
16 . That is my pen . It’s ------------- [ theirs - mine -
hers ]
17 . This is my bar of chocolate . It’s
------------ [ mine - his -
hers ]
18 . This is my brother’s bedroom . It’s
------------ [ hers - mine - his ]
19 . Those are the children’s toys . They’re
---------- [ yours - his - theirs ]
20 . Is this your own pencil ? Is it
------------- ? [ ours -
theirs - yours ]
General Exercise
Choose the right word(s) in brackets :
1 . I am flying my kite . [ It / He / She ] is in the
sky now .
2 . Mother is making a cake and I am helping [ it /
her / him ] .
3 . This is ab old man . I am helping [ him / it /
her ] to cross the road .
4 . Mrs. Sally is talking but we are not listening to
[ him / her / it ] .
5 . Where are my books ? I can’t see [ him / it /
them ] .
6 , The pens are on the desk . I can see [ them / it
/ her ] .
7. Ahmad is a bad boy . Don’t play with [ her / him /
it ] .
8 . This book is heavy . I can not carry [ it / him /
her ] .
9 . Suzan is my sister . I go to school with [ him /
her / them ] .
10 . We are masking noise . Mother is angry with [ me
/ him us ] .
11 . I have a white dog . I like [ him / her / it ]
very much .
12 . We are hungry . Give [ him / us / it ] some
sandwiches , please !
13 . I saw this film , I saw [ him / it / her ]
yesterday .
14 . There are a lot of stars in the sky . Can you
see [ it / them / her ] ?
15 . This is my new shirt . Do you like [ it / them /
her ] ?
16 . I have two sisters . I like [ him / her / them ]
.
17 . Aida teaches English . We all like [ him / her /
it ] .
18 . This is my sister . [ His / Her / Their ] name
is Dalia .
19 . This is my brother . [ His / Her / Their ] name
is Tom .
20 . These are my friends . [ His / Her / Their ]
names are Tom and Ali .
21 . Excuse me
. May I have [ you / your / they ] ball , please ?
22 . Which one is [ he / their / she ] ball ? The red
one .
23 . This is not [ our / we / they ] house .
24 . We have a cat [ Their / Its / His ] tail is long
.
5 . Reflexive Pronouns
|
Pronoun |
Reflexive
|
Pronoun |
Reflexive |
|
I |
myself |
we |
ourselves |
|
you |
yourself |
you [
plural ] |
yourselves |
|
he |
himself |
she |
herself |
|
it |
itself |
they |
themselves |
1.We use a reflexive pronoun after
the verb when the subject and the object are the same person .
2 . We don’t usually use [ myself ]
with the verbs : wash - shave - dress .
We use reflexive pronouns with the verbs
wash , dress when we talk about small children and animals :
My little son is three years old ,
but he can dress himself .
Look at the cat ! It’s washing
itself again .
3 . These verbs are often reflexive
: behave - burn - cut - enjoy - help - introduce - kill - look at - teach .
Behave yourself , when you visit
your neighbor .
He burnt himself with hot coffee .
She cut herself yesterday during
cooking .
We enjoyed ourselves on the beach .
Help yourself ! Have a cup of tea !
Can you introduce yourself .
She looked at herself on the mirror
.
Teach yourself how to make this
delicious recipe .
They where about to kill themselves
, when they climbed the mountain .
4 . We also use [ myself ] for
emphasis .
I can do it myself .
Myself here means without any other
person . In this case the reflexiove pronoun usually comes at the end of the
sentence .
We can do it ourselves .
Exercise 1
Add a
suitable reflexive pronoun in the following :
1 . I like
sitting by ---------------
2 . The
kitten can now feed ----------------
3 . She is
staying in the flat by --------------------
4 . He hurt
----------------while he was climbing the tree .
5 . We
taught ----------------- to swim .
6 . Be
careful or you will hurt ------------------
7 . The
party was great . We enjoyed ------------------- very much .
8 . If you
want more to eat , help ------------------ .
9 . Don’t
get angry . Control ---------------------------
10 . I can
repair the car -------------------------
11 . She
cleans the rooms ----------------------
12 . He
fell of the stairs but he didn’t hurt --------------------
13 . He
lives in a small flat by -------------------
14 . Be
careful ! That plate is very hot . Don’t burn --------------------
15 . The
man shot ------------------
16 . The
animal saw ------------------ in the water .
17 . I
don’t understand how you control ---------------- so well .
18 . I cut
---------------- when I was peeling the orange .
19 . For
----------------she chose a green dress .
20 . He
hated ---------------------- for saying such things .
Exercise 2
Choose the
correct answer from those between brackets :
1 . We
couldn’t understand the lecture [ itself - ourselves - myself ] .
2 . He and
she can listen to it [ themselves -herself - himself ] .
3 . You
can’t drive the car [ yourself - itself - himself ] .
4 . We
wanted to see [ yourselves - ourselves - themselves ] in the picture .
5 . He gave
[ himself - myself - itself ] a watch for his birthday .
6 .The
players weakened [ ourselves - yourselves - themselves ] y practicing so hard .
7 . Are you
interested in writing letters [ ourselves - yourselves - themselves ] ?
8 . I don’t
care for it [ itself - myself - herself ] but you might like it .
9 . What
can I do with [ myself - yourself - herself ] for the rest of the day ?
10 . The
doctor wanted to examine the patient [ himself - themselves - myself ] .
11 . I can
tell you the secret [ itself - myself - ourselves ] .
12 . Would
you and your brother help [ yourself - himself - yourselves ] .
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